
Since forming an LLC is a one-time cost, your estimate weighs the filing cost you enter against roughly three months of your budget rather than a single month's income, since that's closer to how a cost like this actually gets absorbed.
These key factors affect LLC formation affordability
State filing fees vary widely
LLC filing fees range from as low as $35-$50 in states like Kentucky or Arkansas to $500 in Massachusetts and $520 in Illinois, with most states landing between $100-$200, so where you form the LLC matters as much as whether you use a formation service.
Ongoing annual or biennial fees
Many states charge a recurring annual or biennial report fee on top of the initial filing fee - ranging from $9 to $800, with California's $800 annual franchise tax as a notable outlier - and this recurs every year the LLC exists, not just once.
Registered agent and optional formation services
Using a formation service like LegalZoom or ZenBusiness, or paying a commercial registered agent if you don't have an in-state address, typically adds $100-$300 a year, while an EIN from the IRS is free if you apply for it directly instead of paying a service.
How to use your results
- If your state's filing fee is lower than the $500 default, adjust the number - some states charge as little as $35-$50 while others charge $500 or more.
- Since this is a one-time cost, weigh it against your total startup budget rather than a single month's income, since it's a foundational step you take once.
- Budget separately for the recurring annual or biennial report fee your state charges, which isn't included in this one-time estimate.
Ways to make forming an LLC more affordable
- File directly through your state's Secretary of State website instead of using a paid formation service, which can save $100-$300 in service fees.
- Act as your own registered agent if your state allows it and you have a physical in-state address, avoiding the annual registered agent fee.
- Get your own EIN directly from the IRS for free instead of paying a formation service to obtain one for you.
- Check if your state offers a standard-speed free filing option, since some states only charge extra for expedited processing.
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